#Creating a Single Random walk #first need to specify parameters S0=100 #starting stock price mu=.08 #drift s=.3 #volatility T=1 #time frame in years n=252 #number of subintervals dt=T/n #timestep walk=double(n+1) walk[1]=S0 for (j in 2:(n+1)){ walk[j]=walk[j-1]+walk[j-1]*mu*dt+walk[j-1]*s*rnorm(1,mean=0,sd=sqrt(dt))} plot(walk,type='l') dailymusannualized=double(n) for (i in 1:n){ dailymusannualized[i]=log(walk[i+1]/walk[i])*n/T} mean(dailymusannualized) sterr=sd(dailymusannualized)/sqrt(n) sterr volatility=sd(dailymusannualized*sqrt(dt)) volatility